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Divine Decree and the Hereafter

Divine decree, responsible action, resurrection and the restoration of rights at judgement.

Last reviewed on 7 October 2026

Key concepts

  1. The decree and its recording

    The Quran states that all things are created according to decree and that calamities are recorded before they occur. A hadith places the recording of decrees fifty thousand years before the creation of the heavens and earth. In the report about the unborn child, the angel writes provision, lifespan, deeds and ultimate happiness or misery.

  2. Effort and responsibility

    Belief in decree accompanies action: the Prophet directed people to seek what benefits them, ask Allah for help and accept what has occurred. He also told them to keep acting rather than abandon deeds because of the written outcome. The Quran names gratitude and ingratitude as responses to guidance, and connects a people’s changed condition with change within themselves.

  3. Death and resurrection

    The Quran calls the barrier after death until resurrection barzakh. In answering doubt about restoring bones, it mentions the ability to restore even fingertips. The Hereafter therefore includes resurrection with precise accountability. When the sun draws near, the hadith describes different levels of sweat according to people’s deeds.

  4. The record and just balances

    Just balances are established on the Day of Resurrection. The record leaves neither small nor great deeds uncounted, and each person is told to read their own book. The Quran describes a joyful recipient receiving the book in the right hand and a condemned recipient receiving it behind the back. These images make personal accountability clear.

  5. Restoring rights and Allah’s mercy

    The bankrupt worshipper loses good deeds to those they wronged. Even the hornless sheep receives redress from the horned sheep, illustrating exact justice. Bloodshed is the first matter judged between people. Yet entry into Paradise ultimately depends on Allah’s mercy, a teaching that joins responsible action with humility and hope.

Further reading and resources

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  • Quran 54:49Quran.comRead
  • Quran 57:22Quran.comRead
  • Sahih Muslim, hadith 2653 (version b)Sunnah.comRead
  • Sahih Muslim, hadith 2643 (version a)Sunnah.comRead
  • Sahih Muslim, hadith 2664Sunnah.comRead
  • Sahih al-Bukhari, hadith 4949Sunnah.comRead
  • Quran 76:3Quran.comRead
  • Quran 13:11Quran.comRead
  • Quran 75:3-4Quran.comRead
  • Quran 21:47Quran.comRead
  • Quran 18:49Quran.comRead
  • Quran 17:13-14Quran.comRead
  • Quran 69:19Quran.comRead
  • Quran 84:10Quran.comRead
  • Quran 84:11Quran.comRead
  • Quran 84:12Quran.comRead
  • Quran 23:99-100Quran.comRead
  • Sahih Muslim, hadith 2581Sunnah.comRead
  • Sahih Muslim, hadith 2582Sunnah.comRead
  • Sahih al-Bukhari, hadith 6533Sunnah.comRead
  • Sahih Muslim, hadith 2816 (version c)Sunnah.comRead
  • Sahih Muslim, hadith 2864Sunnah.comRead

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